TMA1/BIO411

My TMA Home TMA Results My Pending TMA Quick Help My TMATMA InstructionCourse DetailTMA CalendarGrading Message BoardQuick InfoInstructor Message Quiz NoteQuiz Tip - 1Quix Tip - 2 TMA Quiz Questions TMA: TMA1/BIO411 Matric Number: SCORE=9.00 BIO411 - Parasitology Dr. Olaniyi Omolara (oolaniyi@noun.edu.ng ) 1 Parasitism as an old animal relationship is based on the principle of symbiotic relationship the concept of dependence for nutrition and support the concept of symbiosis the concept of association among animals 2 What is parasitology? Parasitology is the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them. Parasitology is the study of organisms, their hosts, and other associated organisms. Parasitology is the study of association among organisms Parasitology is the study of parasites and resulting associations. 3 The following is not a branch of parasitology: ____ conservation of parasites stuctural virology malariology helminthology 4 How does medical parasitology differ from structural parasiology? Medical parasitology is the science that focuses mainly on the study of Plasmodium, its species, biology, pathogenicity, epidemiology and management of the parasitic infection while structural parasitology deals with the determination of parasitic protein Structural parasitology is the study of the structure of parasite communities used to distinguish distinct populations while medical parasitology is concerned with the various methods of diagnosis , treatment, prevension and control of medical parasites The difference is in the use of advance biostatistical methods to diagnose parasites' problems Structural parasitology deals with the study of proteins from parasites while medical parasitology is the science that deals with organisms living in the human host and the medical significance of host-parasite relationship. 5 Why does parasitism often result in adverse effect on hosts of parasites? Their nature is responsible for this. The vector of disease is responsible for the situation The nature of parasites stimulates such reactions from the host Parasites reside in their hosts and depend on them for their physiological and nutritional needs 6 A risk factor which must occur for a disease situation to arise is known as ___ necessary risk risk factor agent vector agent 7 A simple triangle, which shows the unavoidable link between the causative agent and the environment is the ___ trialngle causal web inevitable link adverse effects 8 Define epidemiology Epidemiology is the study of the disease vectors, their distribution within the community and population. Epidemiology is the process of disease progression by vectors within the community and population. Epidemiology is a quantitative science that evaluates the occurrence, distribution and determinants of control of disease pattern in a defined population. Epidemiology is the study of the patterns of vector distribution within a defined population. 9 Which of the following is not a significant demographic factor in epidemiology? sex age eye race 10 Which of the following is not a key factor in parasitic disease transmission? Host Environment Options A and C the parasite 11 Which of the following is not true about disability adjustment life years (DALYs) ? DALYs incorporates the potential years of lost life as a result of death at a given age DALYs is an health indicator which translates disabilities into years of healthy life lost, by giving each disease state a disability weight ranging from zero (for healthy) to 1 (for death) DALYs incorporates the potential years of lost life as a result of death at a given age. DALYs is not a valid indicator of population health 12 A disease may be defined based on prevalence as any of the following except Mammoth-Endemic giving each disease state a disability weight ranging from zero (healthy) to 1 (death) Endemic Hyper-endemic 13 Disease intensity can be estimated based on the following except indirect measurement of levels of immunological responses to parasite antigens geographic information system direct parasite count indirect counting of eggs and cysts in feaces 14 Which of the following is not correct? Increased parasite burden increases eceonomic burden of the population Increased malaria burden may result as a result of frequent exposure of non-immune populations to the parasite The economic burden of a disease is the totality of direct and indirect costs associated with the infection. Morbidity, loss of productivity, absenteeism are not cots associated with infection. 15 Disability Adjustment Life Years (DALYs) is an index which estimates  disease burden on the economy in relation to loss of valuable man-hour morbidity from parasitic infection productivity disability rate in host of the parasites 16 Which of the following is not a homospecific association? School of fish Colonies of coelentrates predation filaments of algae 17 Heterospecific association occurs ___ between organisms of the same species between organims of different species outside the scope of parasitism based on cooperative behaviours within group 18 Which of the following is NOT correct? Phoresis is a form of loose association in which an organism provides shelter, support or transport for the other organism, usualli a sedentary animal of a different surface. Parasite-parasite relationship is a form of symbiosis A form of assocition typified by the predator- prey relationships in which one organism uses the other as a source of food is referred to as temporary association. Mutualism, a non-competitive, physiologically interdependent association between organisms of two different species is referred to as mutualism. 19 Commensalism is an association between two organisms in which one benefits, but the host is not hurt nor injured both organisms benefits  two different species of organisms are in a non-competitive relationship the host confers much advantages for survival and hence much damage done to it 20 Which of the following is not a basic type of heterospecific association? Temporary associations Loose associations Intimate associations Flagellated protozoans