TMA2/BIO411

TMA Quiz Questions TMA: TMA2/BIO411 Matric Number:  score=10.00 BIO411 - Parasitology Dr. Olaniyi Omolara (oolaniyi@noun.edu.ng ) 1 Parasitism was coined from two words; "para" meaning "beside" and "sitos" meaning "food" "parasite" meaning "depend" and "sitos" meaning "disease" "Paras" meaning "depend" and "sitis" meaning "feed" "para" meaning "food" and "sity" meaning "before" 2 The degree of the effect of a parasite depends on the following except its mode of action type of parasite medical science host physiological state 3 A parasite is an aspect of symbiology which deals with the study of medical and ecological science an organism which has a detrimental effect of intrinsic growth rate of its host population. a physiological association in which one organism benefits while the host looses. a generally continuous association between two different organisms, one of which lives at the expense of the other 4 Parasite may be categorized based on the following except Durartion or degree of dependence Nature of host Site of residence or habitat communal activities of the organism 5 A parasite may be any of the following except location plants bacteria animals 6 What is a host in a parasitic association? In a parasitic association, a host is the parasitic member that is haboured In a parasitic association, a host is the abiotic factor, which supports the association. In a parasitic association, a host is the non-parasitic member, which habours the parasites In a parasitic association, a host is the factor that encourages the parasitism of th parasite. 7 Which of the following does not define a type of host? Reservoir Deadly Reservoir Paratenic 8 Which of the following type of host does not stay in the host as a juvenile? Intermediate Vector Paratenic Definitive host 9 Parasites may locate their host directly or indirectly and then establish a relationship that is determined by evolutionary factor physiological factor geographical factor all of the earlier listed factors 10 Host specificity is ___ the types of unfavourable interactions that parasites have with the host a number of convergent phenomena the selective and dynamic phenomenon of parasite adaptation to certain hosts when organisms distinguish between self and non-self using immune response 11 Depending on host spectrum, parasites may be classified as monoxenous oligoxenous polyxenous Options A, B and C 12 How do parasites differ in host specificity? Parasites with indirect life cycles are less host specific than those with direct life cycles Host specificity increases with increase in the number of intermediate host. Parasites with direct life cycles are less host specific than those with indirect life cycles The ability of a parasite to respond to signals presented may act as a barrier on its host range 13 What does the host range influence in case of human parasites? partners utilized epidemiology of the parasitism or disease absolute specificity stages of the parasites' life 14 What is the main difference between supra-specifc and infra-specific conditions? Infra-specific conditions occur when phylogenetic, physiological, ecological and human factors affect parasite specificity, while supra-specific condition when a single species of parasite is associated with a single host. Infra-specific conditions occur when a single species of parasite is associated with a single host, while supra-specific condition occurs when groups of parasites are associated with natural groups of hosts Infra-specific conditions occur when groups of parasites are associated with natural groups of hosts, while supra-specific condition occurs when a single species of parasite is associated with a single host Infra-specific conditions occur when groups of parasites are limited by a single host range , while supra-specific condition occurs when a single species of parasite is associated with natural hosts. 15 What emission by hosts play vital roles in the infective stages locating its host? Chemical cues host immune response host innate resistance Behavioural adaptation 16 Host specificity is in a state of constant flux and is a product of evolution. It may be lost in the course of ___ adaptation evolution interaction change 17 ____ is defined as the reciprocal adaptive genetic change of two antagonists through reciprocal selective pressures. Host-parasite interaction Host-parasite reaction Host-parasite co-evolution Host-parasite co-antagonism 18 Heirlooms are __, while sourvenirs are ___ parasites that evolve with their hosts; parasites that are picked up through ecological contact Elasmobranchs; hosts of monophyletic  parasites that are picked up through ecological contact, those that evolve with their hosts primitive hosts; primitive parasites 19 Host resistance refers to ___ the suitability of a host the suitability of a parasite host physiology and behaviour the unsuitability of a host 20 Innate or natural immunity is referred to as ___ specific immunity genetic immunity non-specific resistance protection